Yeghishe Martirosi Tadevosyan was a Soviet Armenian painter, associated with the Peredvizhniki and Mir Iskusstva movements. He was known for his landscape and portrait paintings. Tadevosyan was awarded the title of "Honored Artist" by the Armenian SSR in 1935.

Yeghishe Martirosi Tadevosyan was born on September 24, 1870 in Etchmiadzin, Russian Empire (now known as Vagharshapat, Armenia).

He studied at the Lazarian School, then entered the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture. Vasily Polenov was his teacher and friend. He graduated in 1894 and began participating in exhibitions by the Peredvizhniki shortly after.

In 1898, he travelled to Palestine with Polenov and would revisit the Middle East several times. In 1901, he moved from Moscow to Tbilisi and became an art teacher.

His early work had been influenced by Vardges Sureniants but, after this time, he began to employ impressionistic and pointillistic techniques. In 1916, he became the founder and head of the Union of Armenian Artists.

Yeghishe Tadevosyan died on January 22 1936 in Tbilisi and is buried at Komitas Pantheon which is located in the city center of Yerevan.

Tadevosyan's name is used for a street in Yerevan, and he is the namesake of an art school in Etchmiadzin (now Vagharshapat). In 2015, a bust of Tadevosyan's head was unveiled in the Shengavit District in Yerevan. His works Self-portrait, Canal and Gondola, and One of My Dreams were reproduced on the postal stamps of Armenia in 1997 and 2020.

In 2015 to 2016, the National Gallery of Armenia held a retrospective of his work.